Beyond Nausea and Hives: understanding the difference between Food intolerance and food allergies
Food intolerance and food allergies are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they actually refer to different conditions. Understanding the differences between these two conditions is important for managing them effectively. In this article, we’ll discuss the differences between them and how to manage them.
What is Food Intolerance?
Food intolerance is a condition that occurs when the body has difficulty digesting certain foods. This can be due to a lack of enzymes needed to digest the food, sensitivity to food additives or chemicals, or an underlying digestive disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Food intolerance does not involve the immune system and is not life-threatening. Some common symptoms of food intolerance include bloating, gas, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
What is a Food Allergy?
Food allergies, on the other hand, involve the immune system and can be life-threatening. When someone with a food allergy eats a certain food, their immune system reacts by producing antibodies to fight off what it perceives as a harmful substance. This reaction can cause a range of symptoms, from mild itching and hives to severe anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Common food allergens include peanuts, tree nuts, shellfish, fish, milk, eggs, soy, and wheat.
How to Test for Food Intolerance and Food Allergies
If you suspect that you have a food intolerance or food allergy, it’s important to see a healthcare professional for testing. Food intolerance can be tested through a blood test or breath test, which measures the amount of gasses produced by bacteria in the gut after consuming certain foods. Food allergies are typically diagnosed through skin prick tests or blood tests, which detect the presence of specific antibodies.
Are Food Intolerance and Food Allergies Reversible?
Food intolerance may be reversible with changes to diet or lifestyle. For example, if you have lactose intolerance, avoiding dairy products or taking lactase supplements can help manage symptoms. If you have an underlying digestive disorder, such as IBS, working with your healthcare provider to plan and manage your symptoms can help improve your intolerance.
Food allergies, however, are typically not reversible. The only way to manage a food allergy is to avoid offending food altogether. In some cases, oral immunotherapy (OIT) may be an option, which involves gradually introducing the allergen to the body in small doses to help build up tolerance over time. However, OIT should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
How to Manage Food Intolerance and Food Allergies
The best way to manage food intolerance and food allergies is to avoid the offending food(s). For food intolerance, this may mean avoiding or limiting certain foods or taking digestive aids, such as probiotics. For food allergies, it’s important to read food labels carefully and to inform friends, family, and healthcare professionals about your allergy. In cases of severe food allergies, carrying an epinephrine auto-injector, such as an EpiPen, can be life-saving in the event of accidental exposure.
In summary, food intolerance and food allergies are two different conditions that require different approaches to testing and management. Valeo can help you if you suspect that you have a food intolerance or food allergy. First you can discuss your concerns with one of our health coaches, who will then guide you throughout your journey, from testing to advice and lifestyle changes to help you manage your health condition.